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In telecommunications rating is the activity of determining the cost of a particular call.〔Carl Wright, Service Level Corp. (2001) ''(What is Rating? What is Billing? )'', Rating Matters issue n. 6, 21 March 2001 ISSN: 1532-1886〕 The rating process involves converting call-related data into a monetary-equivalent value. Call-related data is generated at various points in the network or measurements may be taken by third party equipment such as network probes. Generally this data is something quantifiable and specific. The usage data so gathered is then either packaged by the equipment or it may be sent to a charging gateway.etc. Rating systems typically use some or all of the following types of data about a call: * Time property of the call (day of week, date, time of day) * Amount of usage (Duration of call, amount of data, number of messages, number of songs) * Destination of the call (land line, overseas, etc.) * Origin of call/ Location of the caller (for mobile networks) * Premium charges (third party charges for premium content, cost of physical items such as movie tickets) Generally individual calls are rated and then the rated amounts are sent to a billing system to provide a bill to the subscriber. Often the rating system will be a module of a larger "Billing System" architecture. A rating system must be adapted to the constantly changing pricing policies, which have the strategic goal of stimulating demand.〔Susana Schwartz (2006) ''(Mobile Operators Race to Embrace Retail Models )'' Billing World and OSS Today 10/2006〕 ==Data structures== To perform the rating calculations it is necessary to produce a Call detail record/EDR. A Call detail record〔Lynn S. Cauffman, Jeffrey N. Thompson, John M. Cauffman (1994) ''(Billing system with data indexing )''〕〔M Zolotov (2004) US Patent 6,718,023 ''( Method and system for creating real time integrated Call Details Record (CDR) databases in management systems of telecommunication networks )''〕 (CDR, also known as ''Call Data Record'')〔DP Diekelman, CB Stockwell (1996) US Patent 5,555,444 ''(Method and apparatus for predictive operation of a communication system )''〕 is "a record of a call setup and completion",〔 and its format "varies among telecom providers or programs", which some allow to be configured by the user.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Call Detail Record - Telecom Billing OSS News Review )〕 EDR stands for ''Event Data/Detail Record''. EDR records are used for systems that charge more than calls - content. e.g. buying ring tones). The generated CDR/EDR may not be in a form suitable for the particular rating system. In this case a piece of software, known as the mediation system, may be required to render the data into a form useful by the rating system. The mediation system is also useful for gathering data from various sources to aggregate into one record. In spoken language CDR usually refers to any type of record: voice, SMS or data. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「telecommunications rating」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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